现在完成时的含义。
现在完成时跨在连个时间之上,一个是过去,一个是现在。他的动作发生在过去,但对现在有影响(或结果),而这种影响(或结却往往是说话人的兴趣所在,所有后面产长不用时间状语。
用法:
(1)表示过去所做的事对现在的影响或结果,动作里说话的人说话时间可远可可近。
1 时间很近
The car has arrived.
2 时间比较远
He has traveled over many lands.
他到过许多国家。
(2)有时可以与现在完成时连用,表示完成一个以上。相互连接的动作
They have gone to the monn and come back to earh again.
他们踏上了月球,后又返回了地球。
The river has been the scourge to China.Bue we gave tamed it at last.
(3)has been 意为去过
has gone 意为去了(去而未返)
(4)可用于死者
1 死者刚过去不久,生者觉得仍在人家
2 指 名人,言行对现在有影响
Shakespear has wrintten most of the best plays we know
Newton hs expained the movements of the moon from the attractons of the earth.
(5)表示持续和重复。
1 用无限动词表示持续。
She has taught us since Icame to the school。
2 有限动词表示持续。
The two leaders have met for two hours.
3 表示过去重复的动作.常与always .0ften,many times,evryday等时间状语连用。
My father has always gone to work by bike.
(6)现在完成时表示将来。
1 在时间状语例表示将来。
We are going after we've had breakfast.
2从属于将来一般时,用在宾语从句中表示将来。
The test question will be spoken just one time ,you must listen very carefully in order to undersatnd what the speaker has said.
3 代替将来完成时,强调一种自然的或必然的结果。
There is but one more question: then I have done
只再提一个问题,我就问完了。
(7)现在完成时和其他词语连用。
Have you found out how wide the ditch was ?
你来接那条狗有多宽吗?(指量沟时宽度)
Have you found out how wide the ditch was ?
你来接那条狗有多宽吗?(指现在宽度)。
2 与时间状语连用。
The rain has stopped now
I have got up very early this morning
3 与since 连用。
I have seen him often since I have lived here.
4 与介词短语连用
He has usually finished all his correspondence before bed time .
他通常在就寝前将多有的新建处理完。
5 与long ago 连用
Fenny has long ago left me.
反你早已经离开了我。
6 与疑问副词连用
How have you done it ?
你是怎么做的?
7 与其他时态连用。
My friend gave it to me,and Ihave since kept it in the drawer.
这是我朋友给我的,我一直把他保存在这个抽屉里。